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In March 2025, 37signals published a letter [1], as part of their hiring effort, where they connect writing with design. They want a product designer, yes. But they also want a writer. What they gave us, connected with writing, solves what they want: 37signals We're looking for a designer, not a decorator. A product builder, not a picture maker. A shipper, not a prototyper. We're looking for a designer, not a decorator. A product builder, not a picture maker. A shipper, not a prototyper. When reading that letter [1], I was able to see the role of a designer through the writer’s lenses, to see how writing is at the center of it. I connected with that because I share the values presented in the letter. The moment of listening became a reflective moment. And it took me to write, to engage with a reflective exercise. That reflective exercise turned out to be a cover letter, the following cover letter. Thanks to 37signals for giving us that letter. The Cover Letter The Cover Letter That idea of a “shipper, not a prototyper” freaks me out, I confess. It always did. But today, differently, I fear that prototyper role. This is so because we miss a point, right there, about what is in between: writing writing To explain, and to let you know who I am, let me start with the situation that UX, UI, front-end development, and copywriter should be seen as one role. I agree, designers are generalists. But right there it starts the complication, right? To even think about that is wrong, right? This, a perceived complication, sets us to face the real complication that takes us away from that truth - that writing is in between - and on the way of the shippers. Here is what I have told Mr. Jason, about the days when I was the “Fastest Keyboard in the West,” that non-writer one: Mr. Jason Fastest Keyboard in the West, Jason, I tried to, too many times, to do that “right” thing, to do it by being that fast prototyper. So I did it. My brother, around 2000 and during the DHTML days, said that I was the “King of the Little Menus.” Jason, Netscape took me, from Brazil and to the USA, with that 20+ pages “H1-B” justification [here was a hint for me] for taking the job of an American. And then, Jason, I arrived at Netscape. And someone important at some point said “Marcio, whatever you are smoking, please keep doing that.” WYASPKDT. I received claps, for prototyping and that is that, and for inspiring them. Professionally, indeed. Even Brendan Eich once wondered “Can we do that with JavaScript?” Jason, I tried to, too many times, to do that “right” thing, to do it by being that fast prototyper. So I did it. My brother, around 2000 and during the DHTML days, said that I was the “King of the Little Menus.” Jason, Netscape took me, from Brazil and to the USA, with that 20+ pages “H1-B” justification [here was a hint for me] for taking the job of an American. And then, Jason, I arrived at Netscape. And someone important at some point said “Marcio, whatever you are smoking, please keep doing that.” WYASPKDT. I received claps, for prototyping and that is that, and for inspiring them. Professionally, indeed. Even Brendan Eich once wondered “Can we do that with JavaScript?” Kings to me, a king of prototypes, or perhaps a non-writer fast typer. But like a king, I had to pay the price. The price, from being okay with WYASPKDT, went along with that anxious corporate agenda which, again and again, does take advantage of the fresh new employee, the next in line. WYASPKDT, we say. The prize as a price to pay is us taking ourselves away from seeing things. No one had even the time to ask “Hey man, were you smoking?” Having started there, it took me 25 years between that said specialist and the truth, the hard way, indeed. Running the risk of entering that 800+ page novel, the problem-solution could be introduced with what Steve Job had said, that we can’t see the dots while doing it. But back to what matters and at the core of this journey too, the real problem has to do with how we see ourselves - or how we do not see ourselves - when we are running, there, into that jungle of trees, of code, demos, prototypes, meetings, activities, and everything else: If we had the time, to look, perhaps we would see the flip side of “what you see is what we get” and “what we don’t see is what we don’t get.” If we could see, then we would ask “Man, if you are not talking about it, you will miss it!” And then, see that you and I need to write about the things that we want to ship. Now, I wonder, have I avoided writing? (Have I avoided engaging with that reflective writing for myself and for colleagues?) It may be so because I was too busy with claps. Or I was trapped by the idea that WYASPKDT meant “no need to engage with reflective writing,” and the other writings from there. Having paid the price, I started to value writing. Not as a tool to make things beautiful. But as a way to see beyond those black boxes - beyond the prototype - and to transcend. As the thing that takes us to connect the dots. Now, am I good at doing that? Of course, this is not the point. It matters more that it is life-changing - writers know it. Having paid the price, I started to value writing. Not as a tool to make things beautiful. But as a way to see beyond those black boxes - beyond the prototype - and to transcend. As the thing that takes us to connect the dots. Now, am I good at doing that? Of course, this is not the point. It matters more that it is life-changing - writers know it. To address the point of “Why do you love the web?” I say, “Yes I love it” as it is the big canvas we made for ourselves. But I also hate it, depending on how we do the things we do: Hot links? I fear them as they get cold and are lost in the dark too soon Hot links? I fear them as they get cold and are lost in the dark too soon Hot links? I fear them as they get cold and are lost in the dark too soon In other words, that comfortable specialist-prototypist as a goal is a path to a dead end, to miss talking about things, with that to miss evolving things and to miss the shipping thing. What you see, what we see, is what you and I write about, and is on the way of what we will get and of what becomes real. In other words, it is through writing, or through exposing it, that we open ourselves, to collaborate. Regarding other’s work, I appreciate the work of Andy Grove (High Output Management and Only the Paranoid Survive). Andy teaches us about design too. In terms of slowing down, the Blizscaling lectures were helpful for me. In terms of founder and self-management, Michael Dearing helped me rewrite part of my OS. In terms of writing vs. self, I am thankful to Julia Cameron’s The Artist’s Way, which also took me to other life-changing paths. Blizscaling Blizscaling These are some pointers that make me think that I write therefore I am. As a plus, and going back to the other things that matter too, when I write, I see that outcomes - such as UX/UI - get better. In other words, I feel closer to design, to the design work that ships. With that, to close, I hope to find a team, and minds, who support me to grow as a person and to grow as a colleague who supports our growth. [1] “Web App Product Designer” Job Specification by 37signals I say thanks to the following writing. The following is a masterpiece. And I know it is the truth, that it tells us about how 37signals do things. The following, for me, was also a great starting point for a moment of reflection about the role of a designer. More than that, the following document is an opportunity for all of us, as a reflective writing exercise. The following document helps us to pause, to listen, to consider, to reflect, to engage, to cross-check an examination, to learn, to assess, and it serves for us to buy in. I buy. “37signals is hiring a Web App Product Designer. We don't hire for this position often, so this is a rare opportunity. We're looking for a designer, not a decorator. A product builder, not a picture maker. A shipper, not a prototyper. There's plenty of the latter, but we're after the former. We've built a close-knit team of five wonderful designers, and we'd be thrilled to have you as our sixth. Depending on your skills and experience, you'll either come in at the Senior or Lead level. Senior pays $193,858, Lead pays $229,064. Additional perks, benefits, profit sharing, and more are detailed in the handbook. “37signals is hiring a Web App Product Designer. We don't hire for this position often, so this is a rare opportunity. We're looking for a designer, not a decorator. A product builder, not a picture maker. A shipper, not a prototyper. There's plenty of the latter, but we're after the former. We've built a close-knit team of five wonderful designers, and we'd be thrilled to have you as our sixth. Depending on your skills and experience, you'll either come in at the Senior or Lead level. Senior pays $193,858, Lead pays $229,064. Additional perks, benefits, profit sharing, and more are detailed in the handbook. 37signals 37signals in the handbook in the handbook About the Job About the Job About the Job At many companies, product design is split into different roles: UX, UI, front-end development, copywriter, etc. At 37signals, it’s all one role. This means our designers are exceptional generalists. Along with having great visual taste and sensibilities, you must be able to write your own production-quality front-end HTML, CSS, and English. You'll pair up with a back-end programmer to bring designs, features, and products to life. At many companies, product design is split into different roles: UX, UI, front-end development, copywriter, etc. At 37signals, it’s all one role. This means our designers are exceptional generalists. Along with having great visual taste and sensibilities, you must be able to write your own production-quality front-end HTML, CSS, and English. You'll pair up with a back-end programmer to bring designs, features, and products to life. We believe the best designs come from someone who can see it all through, from ideas to visuals to the finished product. We work from the interface first — starting with design, rather than ending with it — so you'll be involved in the work right from the beginning. Our projects are design-led, so you’ll have a lot of flexibility, freedom, influence, and impact right away. We follow the 6-week cycle Shape Up process, invented here. We believe the best designs come from someone who can see it all through, from ideas to visuals to the finished product. We work from the interface first — starting with design, rather than ending with it — so you'll be involved in the work right from the beginning. Our projects are design-led, so you’ll have a lot of flexibility, freedom, influence, and impact right away. We follow the 6-week cycle Shape Up process, invented here. Shape Up Shape Up You'll get to work on heavily-used products like Basecamp and HEY that push the industry forward. You won't be sequestered on a team that only gets to work on a slice of something — you'll work on all of everything. Working at 37signals as a designer means working on whole products. Existing products, brand new unreleased ones, and internal tools, too. You'll get to work on heavily-used products like Basecamp and HEY that push the industry forward. You won't be sequestered on a team that only gets to work on a slice of something — you'll work on all of everything. Working at 37signals as a designer means working on whole products. Existing products, brand new unreleased ones, and internal tools, too. As a manager of one, you’ll drive shaped projects, big and small, over six-week cycles. You’ll set direction, take ownership, make calls, and ultimately, once situated and comfortable, see things through without a lot of oversight. As a manager of one, you’ll drive shaped projects, big and small, over six-week cycles. You’ll set direction, take ownership, make calls, and ultimately, once situated and comfortable, see things through without a lot of oversight. You love writing, too. You understand that copywriting is design. The words matter as much as the pixels. No matter how great the visuals are, bad writing is bad design. You should care about how things are phrased as much as you care about how they look. “ You love writing, too. You understand that copywriting is design. The words matter as much as the pixels. No matter how great the visuals are, bad writing is bad design. You should care about how things are phrased as much as you care about how they look. “ [2]A Note About HackerNoon What you see, the above reflection tells you a bit about the life of one who went through a struggle. And about the one who had found, through writing, an enlighted path. This is also an opportunity to say thanks to HackerNoon, and to this community. To you, for being a platform that supported my development toward becoming a writer. And for doing that for many of us. We are all writers, we are all better learners through writing. We are all designers.

A Shipper, Not a Prototyper - A Reflective Writing and a Cover Letter

HackerNoon editorial team has launched this interview series with women in tech to celebrate their achievements and share their struggles. We need more women in technology, and by sharing stories, we can encourage many girls to follow their dreams. Share your story today! Tell us about yourself! Hi! I'm Lutsia, and I work in HR in IT. I've been doing this for over 12 years now, and I've worked with some amazing companies like gamedev, dating, music-tech, and social. Now, I'm the HR director of an international company that's doing well developing cool mobile apps for social media. My job is all about making sure the company has a great HR strategy, taking care of all the employees, and helping the business grow by developing its people. My company's products are doing well (currently, only Tinder has more installs than us) and we're seeing over 6 million installs every month. I am an active mentor in various communities such as Women in Tech, Miranna.io, ADP.list, I have done more than 100 consultations and helped more than 100 people to achieve their goals in IT. Why did you choose this field in the first place? I've always loved studying people and watching talent grow, so it's a perfect fit for me. In HR, it's all about communication, and in the tech industry, it's a bit of a challenge because there are so many introverts who need individual attention. I've got a Master's in Human Resources Management, and I absolutely love what I do. What tech are you most worried about right now and why? I'm really interested in technologies that can predict how long employees will stay with a company (like prediction models for employee tenure) and assessing soft skills. Human psychology is such a complex system, isn't it? I find the standard approaches don't always work, which makes it a constant challenge in the world of people management to assess team effectiveness. What are your hobbies and interests outside of tech? When I'm not doing that, I love nothing more than spending time with my family and friends, or enjoying a good book. I'm a music lover – playing the keyboard and singing are two of my favourite pastimes. I'm also a keen outdoorsy person, and I love nothing more than a good hike! A couple of years ago, I discovered the wonderful world of mentoring, which is a really cool side activity that energises me by interacting with talented people and being useful. Let's talk about breaking the glass ceiling. What were the biggest challenges you faced as a woman in tech, and how did you deal with them? I started my career in the tech industry, in startups and scale-ups, so I had direct contact with founders and was lucky to avoid unpleasant situations with the glass ceiling. But I would like to see more girls among CEOs and founders of companies. I plan to launch my own project one day. Any questionable misogynistic story/situation you faced/handled, and you want to share with the HackerNoon Fam? When I was just starting out in my career, over 12 years ago now, I was working in talent acquisition. I remember how hiring managers would sometimes reject female candidates for developer positions just because they were girls, or because they thought programming was just not a job for women. I remember my first driving instructor always telling me that driving was not for women, but I don't encounter this now. As a HR leader, I try to nip such stories in the bud. What was the biggest setback/failure that you faced, and how did you manage it? My biggest failure was my personal and professional burnout in 2019. I was deeply immersed in the topic and clearly knew the markers of this condition, but unfortunately, I was not able to prevent it in time. However, I learnt my lesson, and I am now much more attentive to my energy levels and have improved my delegating skills even more! What's your biggest achievement that you're really proud of? I have reached a high position just in 7 years - HR director in a fast-growing global technology company, every day I do what I love and develop not only the team, overseeing the unlocking of immense human potential, but also being involved in creating products that make a difference in this world and make life better for millions of people. I have extensive mentoring experience and have helped hundreds of people find their successful path to self-realisation in the industry. I am surrounded by amazingly smart and caring people who create beautiful things. In your opinion, why do we see this huge gender gap in the tech industry, and how can we reduce it? The tech industry is still pretty new, so I think there are some historical and cultural things going on that are holding it back. But I do see a lot of tech companies trying to make things better, which is great. They're putting in place these DEI policies, which is really important. I'm part of a group that supports women in IT, and I think it's a vital mission. I would love to see more support, grants, quotas and investments for start-ups created by women.It would be great to change the media narrative and promote the idea that technology is a universal field where gender doesn't matter. We should be creating content that's focused on engaging women and breaking stereotypes. From a company perspective and as a C-Level, it's important to implement training to overcome unconscious bias. Who is your tech idol? Why? I really look up to Sheryl Sandberg, ex-COO of Meta and author of Lean In: Women, Work, and the Will to Lead. She started the global Lean In movement, which connects women through professional networks, support circles, and educational programs. This movement helps women in IT find like-minded people, develop skills and build careers. I really admire how she's so open about the personal struggles she's had, including the loss of her husband. It's so inspiring to see how she's managed to be so successful and still remain human and vulnerable. Do you have any advice for aspiring girls who want to join the field? My advice for girls starting out in HR Tech is to be tenacious in achieving results, and you'll be glad to hear that there are so many opportunities for training and projects now, including through tech communities where you can find first projects and get hands-on experience.It's also great to find a mentor who has already travelled this path and will help you overcome any obstacles and move faster in your professional development. Be open, ask for advice and share your experiences – you'll be amazed at the opportunities out there! HackerNoon editorial team has launched this interview series with women in tech to celebrate their achievements and share their struggles. We need more women in technology, and by sharing stories, we can encourage many girls to follow their dreams. Share your story today! HackerNoon editorial team has launched this interview series with women in tech to celebrate their achievements and share their struggles. We need more women in technology, and by sharing stories, we can encourage many girls to follow their dreams. Share your story today! HackerNoon editorial team has launched this interview series with women in tech to celebrate their achievements and share their struggles. We need more women in technology, and by sharing stories, we can encourage many girls to follow their dreams. Share your story today! HackerNoon editorial team has launched this interview series with women in tech to celebrate their achievements and share their struggles. We need more women in technology, and by sharing stories, we can encourage many girls to follow their dreams. Share your story today ! this interview series with women in tech Share your story today Tell us about yourself! Tell us about yourself! Hi! I'm Lutsia, and I work in HR in IT. I've been doing this for over 12 years now, and I've worked with some amazing companies like gamedev, dating, music-tech, and social. Now, I'm the HR director of an international company that's doing well developing cool mobile apps for social media. My job is all about making sure the company has a great HR strategy, taking care of all the employees, and helping the business grow by developing its people. My company's products are doing well (currently, only Tinder has more installs than us) and we're seeing over 6 million installs every month. I am an active mentor in various communities such as Women in Tech, Miranna.io, ADP.list, I have done more than 100 consultations and helped more than 100 people to achieve their goals in IT. Why did you choose this field in the first place? Why did you choose this field in the first place? I've always loved studying people and watching talent grow, so it's a perfect fit for me. In HR, it's all about communication, and in the tech industry, it's a bit of a challenge because there are so many introverts who need individual attention. I've got a Master's in Human Resources Management, and I absolutely love what I do. What tech are you most worried about right now and why? What tech are you most worried about right now and why? I'm really interested in technologies that can predict how long employees will stay with a company (like prediction models for employee tenure) and assessing soft skills. Human psychology is such a complex system, isn't it? I find the standard approaches don't always work, which makes it a constant challenge in the world of people management to assess team effectiveness. What are your hobbies and interests outside of tech? What are your hobbies and interests outside of tech? When I'm not doing that, I love nothing more than spending time with my family and friends, or enjoying a good book. I'm a music lover – playing the keyboard and singing are two of my favourite pastimes. I'm also a keen outdoorsy person, and I love nothing more than a good hike! A couple of years ago, I discovered the wonderful world of mentoring, which is a really cool side activity that energises me by interacting with talented people and being useful. Let's talk about breaking the glass ceiling. What were the biggest challenges you faced as a woman in tech, and how did you deal with them? Let's talk about breaking the glass ceiling. What were the biggest challenges you faced as a woman in tech, and how did you deal with them? I started my career in the tech industry, in startups and scale-ups, so I had direct contact with founders and was lucky to avoid unpleasant situations with the glass ceiling. But I would like to see more girls among CEOs and founders of companies. I plan to launch my own project one day. Any questionable misogynistic story/situation you faced/handled, and you want to share with the HackerNoon Fam? Any questionable misogynistic story/situation you faced/handled, and you want to share with the HackerNoon Fam? When I was just starting out in my career, over 12 years ago now, I was working in talent acquisition. I remember how hiring managers would sometimes reject female candidates for developer positions just because they were girls, or because they thought programming was just not a job for women. I remember my first driving instructor always telling me that driving was not for women, but I don't encounter this now. As a HR leader, I try to nip such stories in the bud. What was the biggest setback/failure that you faced, and how did you manage it? What was the biggest setback/failure that you faced, and how did you manage it? My biggest failure was my personal and professional burnout in 2019. I was deeply immersed in the topic and clearly knew the markers of this condition, but unfortunately, I was not able to prevent it in time. However, I learnt my lesson, and I am now much more attentive to my energy levels and have improved my delegating skills even more! What's your biggest achievement that you're really proud of? What's your biggest achievement that you're really proud of? I have reached a high position just in 7 years - HR director in a fast-growing global technology company, every day I do what I love and develop not only the team, overseeing the unlocking of immense human potential, but also being involved in creating products that make a difference in this world and make life better for millions of people. I have extensive mentoring experience and have helped hundreds of people find their successful path to self-realisation in the industry. I am surrounded by amazingly smart and caring people who create beautiful things. In your opinion, why do we see this huge gender gap in the tech industry, and how can we reduce it? In your opinion, why do we see this huge gender gap in the tech industry, and how can we reduce it? The tech industry is still pretty new, so I think there are some historical and cultural things going on that are holding it back. But I do see a lot of tech companies trying to make things better, which is great. They're putting in place these DEI policies, which is really important. I'm part of a group that supports women in IT, and I think it's a vital mission. I would love to see more support, grants, quotas and investments for start-ups created by women.It would be great to change the media narrative and promote the idea that technology is a universal field where gender doesn't matter. We should be creating content that's focused on engaging women and breaking stereotypes. From a company perspective and as a C-Level, it's important to implement training to overcome unconscious bias. Who is your tech idol? Why? Who is your tech idol? Why? I really look up to Sheryl Sandberg, ex-COO of Meta and author of Lean In: Women, Work, and the Will to Lead. She started the global Lean In movement, which connects women through professional networks, support circles, and educational programs. This movement helps women in IT find like-minded people, develop skills and build careers. I really admire how she's so open about the personal struggles she's had, including the loss of her husband. It's so inspiring to see how she's managed to be so successful and still remain human and vulnerable. Do you have any advice for aspiring girls who want to join the field? Do you have any advice for aspiring girls who want to join the field? My advice for girls starting out in HR Tech is to be tenacious in achieving results, and you'll be glad to hear that there are so many opportunities for training and projects now, including through tech communities where you can find first projects and get hands-on experience.It's also great to find a mentor who has already travelled this path and will help you overcome any obstacles and move faster in your professional development. Be open, ask for advice and share your experiences – you'll be amazed at the opportunities out there!

HR Director Lutsia Gorelova Reflects on What's Changed In IT Hiring Over The Past Few Decades

Authors:
(1) Howard Zhong, MIT CSAIL (howardzh@mit.edu);
(2) Mark Hamilton, MIT CSAIL, Microsoft (markth@mit.edu). Table of Links Abstract and 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results 3.1 CryptoPunks 3.2 Aggregate NFT Market 4 Discussion 5. Conclusion/ Acknowledgements/ References A Appendix A.1 Implementation Details A.2 Detailed NFT Information & A.3 Google NFT Searches Map 4. Discussion We seek to determine what mechanisms produce the different biases and why there exists racial bias but not gender bias in the prices of NFTs. Most NFTs in the market, especially those with gender and race attributes, represent avatars. These NFTs, especially expensive ones like CryptoPunks, can be used as profile picture, and thus people may prefer NFTs that look similar to themselves. We thus believe the demographics of NFT investors are the mechanisms that produce these biases. According to a data by Statistica [2] [4], among the age group (18-34) with the largest interest in NFTs, men and women own NFTs fairly equally with 24% men and 21% women of total investor population. Thus, the fact we do not observe gender bias in NFT prices could be due to investors being roughly balanced across gender. However, the distribution of NFT buyers may be skewed white, which explains the existence of racial bias. Using Google searches as a proxy on the amount of NFT investors in a region, in the past five years, we found that the term “NFT” was most searched in East Asia and North America and least searched in Africa and India. Thus, more lighter-skinned people are interested in NFTs compared to darker-skinned people and may be why lighter-skinned NFTs are more in demand. The full map of Google searches can be found in Figure 7 in Appendix A.3. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. Authors: (1) Howard Zhong, MIT CSAIL (howardzh@mit.edu); (2) Mark Hamilton, MIT CSAIL, Microsoft (markth@mit.edu). Authors: Authors: (1) Howard Zhong, MIT CSAIL (howardzh@mit.edu); (2) Mark Hamilton, MIT CSAIL, Microsoft (markth@mit.edu). Table of Links Abstract and 1 Introduction Abstract and 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2 Methodology 3 Results 3.1 CryptoPunks 3.1 CryptoPunks 3.2 Aggregate NFT Market 3.2 Aggregate NFT Market 4 Discussion 4 Discussion 5. Conclusion/ Acknowledgements/ References Conclusion/ Acknowledgements/ References A Appendix A Appendix A.1 Implementation Details A.1 Implementation Details A.2 Detailed NFT Information & A.3 Google NFT Searches Map A.2 Detailed NFT Information & A.3 Google NFT Searches Map 4. Discussion We seek to determine what mechanisms produce the different biases and why there exists racial bias but not gender bias in the prices of NFTs. Most NFTs in the market, especially those with gender and race attributes, represent avatars. These NFTs, especially expensive ones like CryptoPunks, can be used as profile picture, and thus people may prefer NFTs that look similar to themselves. We thus believe the demographics of NFT investors are the mechanisms that produce these biases. According to a data by Statistica [2] [4], among the age group (18-34) with the largest interest in NFTs, men and women own NFTs fairly equally with 24% men and 21% women of total investor population. Thus, the fact we do not observe gender bias in NFT prices could be due to investors being roughly balanced across gender. However, the distribution of NFT buyers may be skewed white, which explains the existence of racial bias. Using Google searches as a proxy on the amount of NFT investors in a region, in the past five years, we found that the term “NFT” was most searched in East Asia and North America and least searched in Africa and India. Thus, more lighter-skinned people are interested in NFTs compared to darker-skinned people and may be why lighter-skinned NFTs are more in demand. The full map of Google searches can be found in Figure 7 in Appendix A.3. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. available on arxiv

Absence of Gender Bias in NFT Prices Likely Reflects Balanced Investor Demographics

Why Homo Sapiens Are Addicted to Self-Reflections: A Spotify Wrapped Introspective

Author:
(1) David Staines. Table of Links Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Arguments 3 Outline and Preview 4 Calvo Framework and 4.1 Household’s Problem 4.2 Preferences 4.3 Household Equilibrium Conditions 4.4 Price-Setting Problem 4.5 Nominal Equilibrium Conditions 4.6 Real Equilibrium Conditions and 4.7 Shocks 4.8 Recursive Equilibrium 5 Existing Solutions 5.1 Singular Phillips Curve 5.2 Persistence and Policy Puzzles 5.3 Two Comparison Models 5.4 Lucas Critique 6 Stochastic Equilibrium and 6.1 Ergodic Theory and Random Dynamical Systems 6.2 Equilibrium Construction 6.3 Literature Comparison 6.4 Equilibrium Analysis 7 General Linearized Phillips Curve 7.1 Slope Coefficients 7.2 Error Coefficients 8 Existence Results and 8.1 Main Results 8.2 Key Proofs 8.3 Discussion 9 Bifurcation Analysis 9.1 Analytic Aspects 9.2 Algebraic Aspects (I) Singularities and Covers 9.3 Algebraic Aspects (II) Homology 9.4 Algebraic Aspects (III) Schemes 9.5 Wider Economic Interpretations 10 Econometric and Theoretical Implications and 10.1 Identification and Trade-offs 10.2 Econometric Duality 10.3 Coefficient Properties 10.4 Microeconomic Interpretation 11 Policy Rule 12 Conclusions and References Appendices A Proof of Theorem 2 and A.1 Proof of Part (i) A.2 Behaviour of ∆ A.3 Proof Part (iii) B Proofs from Section 4 and B.1 Individual Product Demand (4.2) B.2 Flexible Price Equilibrium and ZINSS (4.4) B.3 Price Dispersion (4.5) B.4 Cost Minimization (4.6) and (10.4) B.5 Consolidation (4.8) C Proofs from Section 5, and C.1 Puzzles, Policy and Persistence C.2 Extending No Persistence D Stochastic Equilibrium and D.1 Non-Stochastic Equilibrium D.2 Profits and Long-Run Growth E Slopes and Eigenvalues and E.1 Slope Coefficients E.2 Linearized DSGE Solution E.3 Eigenvalue Conditions E.4 Rouche’s Theorem Conditions F Abstract Algebra and F.1 Homology Groups F.2 Basic Categories F.3 De Rham Cohomology F.4 Marginal Costs and Inflation G Further Keynesian Models and G.1 Taylor Pricing G.2 Calvo Wage Phillips Curve G.3 Unconventional Policy Settings H Empirical Robustness and H.1 Parameter Selection H.2 Phillips Curve I Additional Evidence and I.1 Other Structural Parameters I.2 Lucas Critique I.3 Trend Inflation Volatility 7.2 Error Coefficients 7.2.1 Coefficient Expressions The starting point is the infinite horizon solutions, which states how present deviations depend on present and past shocks. For the expectation variables it implies The first two steps remove expectations to focus on future variables. The third treats lag terms. The fourth is consolidation, the fifth deals with the Euler and the sixth puts them all together. Proceeding through the derivation in order, it is clear that The coefficients have been organised so that the bracketed terms will be positive when computed in the small noise limit at strictly positive rates of trend inflation, as this is a focal alternative to ZINSS.[57] To dig down to primitives it is necessary to expand out the weighting term as follows: Expanding forward using (139), (140) and the primitive properties of the errors yields Thus, I can substitute back into (146) to solve for the third error in terms of the canonical expansions. The unwieldy expression is suppressed. An algorithm for a solution, in terms of the stochastic equilibrium expansion coefficients, would be useful, alongside a method of numerical approximation. However, these tasks lie beyond the boundaries of this investigation. The rest of the derivation is quite simple Combining (139), (140), (149)-(151) gives the following cumbersome expression for the Phillips curve errors All subsequent error forms can be derived easily from this point. 7.2.2 Limiting Solution Now denoting the errors in (117) in the style of the slope coefficients Hence, I am able to solve for the error coefficient using the output term in (112), the error expression (150) and the symmetry implied by (151) and (152) This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license. Author: (1) David Staines. Author: Author: (1) David Staines. Table of Links Abstract Abstract 1 Introduction 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Arguments 2 Mathematical Arguments 3 Outline and Preview 3 Outline and Preview 4 Calvo Framework and 4.1 Household’s Problem 4 Calvo Framework and 4.1 Household’s Problem 4.2 Preferences 4.2 Preferences 4.3 Household Equilibrium Conditions 4.3 Household Equilibrium Conditions 4.4 Price-Setting Problem 4.4 Price-Setting Problem 4.5 Nominal Equilibrium Conditions 4.5 Nominal Equilibrium Conditions 4.6 Real Equilibrium Conditions and 4.7 Shocks 4.6 Real Equilibrium Conditions and 4.7 Shocks 4.8 Recursive Equilibrium 4.8 Recursive Equilibrium 5 Existing Solutions 5 Existing Solutions 5.1 Singular Phillips Curve 5.1 Singular Phillips Curve 5.2 Persistence and Policy Puzzles 5.2 Persistence and Policy Puzzles 5.3 Two Comparison Models 5.3 Two Comparison Models 5.4 Lucas Critique 5.4 Lucas Critique 6 Stochastic Equilibrium and 6.1 Ergodic Theory and Random Dynamical Systems 6 Stochastic Equilibrium and 6.1 Ergodic Theory and Random Dynamical Systems 6.2 Equilibrium Construction 6.2 Equilibrium Construction 6.3 Literature Comparison 6.3 Literature Comparison 6.4 Equilibrium Analysis 6.4 Equilibrium Analysis 7 General Linearized Phillips Curve 7 General Linearized Phillips Curve 7.1 Slope Coefficients 7.1 Slope Coefficients 7.2 Error Coefficients 7.2 Error Coefficients 8 Existence Results and 8.1 Main Results 8 Existence Results and 8.1 Main Results 8.2 Key Proofs 8.2 Key Proofs 8.3 Discussion 8.3 Discussion 9 Bifurcation Analysis 9 Bifurcation Analysis 9.1 Analytic Aspects 9.1 Analytic Aspects 9.2 Algebraic Aspects (I) Singularities and Covers 9.2 Algebraic Aspects (I) Singularities and Covers 9.3 Algebraic Aspects (II) Homology 9.3 Algebraic Aspects (II) Homology 9.4 Algebraic Aspects (III) Schemes 9.4 Algebraic Aspects (III) Schemes 9.5 Wider Economic Interpretations 9.5 Wider Economic Interpretations 10 Econometric and Theoretical Implications and 10.1 Identification and Trade-offs 10 Econometric and Theoretical Implications and 10.1 Identification and Trade-offs 10.2 Econometric Duality 10.2 Econometric Duality 10.3 Coefficient Properties 10.3 Coefficient Properties 10.4 Microeconomic Interpretation 10.4 Microeconomic Interpretation 11 Policy Rule 11 Policy Rule 12 Conclusions and References 12 Conclusions and References Appendices Appendices A Proof of Theorem 2 and A.1 Proof of Part (i) A Proof of Theorem 2 and A.1 Proof of Part (i) A.2 Behaviour of ∆ A.2 Behaviour of ∆ A.3 Proof Part (iii) A.3 Proof Part (iii) B Proofs from Section 4 and B.1 Individual Product Demand (4.2) B Proofs from Section 4 and B.1 Individual Product Demand (4.2) B.2 Flexible Price Equilibrium and ZINSS (4.4) B.2 Flexible Price Equilibrium and ZINSS (4.4) B.3 Price Dispersion (4.5) B.3 Price Dispersion (4.5) B.4 Cost Minimization (4.6) and (10.4) B.4 Cost Minimization (4.6) and (10.4) B.5 Consolidation (4.8) B.5 Consolidation (4.8) C Proofs from Section 5, and C.1 Puzzles, Policy and Persistence C Proofs from Section 5, and C.1 Puzzles, Policy and Persistence C.2 Extending No Persistence C.2 Extending No Persistence D Stochastic Equilibrium and D.1 Non-Stochastic Equilibrium D Stochastic Equilibrium and D.1 Non-Stochastic Equilibrium D.2 Profits and Long-Run Growth D.2 Profits and Long-Run Growth E Slopes and Eigenvalues and E.1 Slope Coefficients E Slopes and Eigenvalues and E.1 Slope Coefficients E.2 Linearized DSGE Solution E.2 Linearized DSGE Solution E.3 Eigenvalue Conditions E.3 Eigenvalue Conditions E.4 Rouche’s Theorem Conditions E.4 Rouche’s Theorem Conditions F Abstract Algebra and F.1 Homology Groups F Abstract Algebra and F.1 Homology Groups F.2 Basic Categories F.2 Basic Categories F.3 De Rham Cohomology F.3 De Rham Cohomology F.4 Marginal Costs and Inflation F.4 Marginal Costs and Inflation G Further Keynesian Models and G.1 Taylor Pricing G Further Keynesian Models and G.1 Taylor Pricing G.2 Calvo Wage Phillips Curve G.2 Calvo Wage Phillips Curve G.3 Unconventional Policy Settings G.3 Unconventional Policy Settings H Empirical Robustness and H.1 Parameter Selection H Empirical Robustness and H.1 Parameter Selection H.2 Phillips Curve H.2 Phillips Curve I Additional Evidence and I.1 Other Structural Parameters I Additional Evidence and I.1 Other Structural Parameters I.2 Lucas Critique I.2 Lucas Critique I.3 Trend Inflation Volatility I.3 Trend Inflation Volatility 7.2 Error Coefficients 7.2.1 Coefficient Expressions The starting point is the infinite horizon solutions, which states how present deviations depend on present and past shocks. For the expectation variables it implies The first two steps remove expectations to focus on future variables. The third treats lag terms. The fourth is consolidation, the fifth deals with the Euler and the sixth puts them all together. Proceeding through the derivation in order, it is clear that The coefficients have been organised so that the bracketed terms will be positive when computed in the small noise limit at strictly positive rates of trend inflation, as this is a focal alternative to ZINSS.[57] To dig down to primitives it is necessary to expand out the weighting term as follows: Expanding forward using (139), (140) and the primitive properties of the errors yields Thus, I can substitute back into (146) to solve for the third error in terms of the canonical expansions. The unwieldy expression is suppressed. An algorithm for a solution, in terms of the stochastic equilibrium expansion coefficients, would be useful, alongside a method of numerical approximation. However, these tasks lie beyond the boundaries of this investigation. The rest of the derivation is quite simple Combining (139), (140), (149)-(151) gives the following cumbersome expression for the Phillips curve errors All subsequent error forms can be derived easily from this point. 7.2.2 Limiting Solution 7.2.2 Limiting Solution Now denoting the errors in (117) in the style of the slope coefficients Hence, I am able to solve for the error coefficient using the output term in (112), the error expression (150) and the symmetry implied by (151) and (152) This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license. This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license. available on arxiv

How Error Coefficients Reflect Stochastic Equilibrium Expansions in Inflation Models

You heard it right, Startups of The Year is back for its 3rd season! Startups of The Year is a community-driven event created and powered by HackerNoon’s proprietary software, dedicated to recognizing and celebrating tech startups that are making a positive impact on technology and the world. Closing on Startups of The Year 2023, we have achieved a total of 623K+ votes from the community (triple from the prior year) to 30,000+ startups across 4200+ cities ✨🙌 This year we set out to shine the Spotlight on Tech’s Shining Stars (yes, all 150,000 of them 🤭) Coming on to the podium, have you prepared a speech? If not, let this article be your guide to 2024’s Startups of The Year 🚀 Let’s take a trip down memory lane, while also learning from how last year’s nominees flaunted the news of their nominations 🔎 FYI, with Startups of The Year 2024, we're introducing industry awards, categorizing startups by sector. You can find more info here. My Startups Got Nominated. What Should I Do? The FIRST thing that you’re going to do… well after you claim and verify your company, you PROMOTE the heck out of your Startup 💚 Here’s how 2023 Startups did it… PRO TIP: Content is your best friend! Utilize social media strengths to spread the word about your Startups of The Year nomination! Facebook, LinkedIn, X… the more the merrier. You have bragging rights, so post on EVERY social platform possible🔥
Don’t forget to tag HackerNoon, we’d love to support your company to the top 1️⃣ by featuring you on our testimonials site and social media! Here’s How 2023 Startups Did It, On LinkedIn Whether it is a simple call for voting with the Startups of The Year’s key visual or having the Founder/CEO post on their page for increased reach, let your creativity run wild: repost, run a campaign, write an article on HackerNoon, and blast it everywhere! Be vocal and be proud - your startup DESERVES all the recognition! Show the world why they should vote for you!
➡️ Write about your startup mission and vision using this interview template Remember to follow up! You know that one call for voting post isn’t enough - Divide to conquer! Remind your followers that you are still running for the title. Create a sense of urgency and competition like these startups did in 2023 ⬇️ See more on how nominated Startups called for voting in 2023 on LinkedIn here What About Facebook? You bet! Aside from LinkedIn, Facebook is also a good platform to announce your Startups of The Year nomination. See more on how nominated Startups called for voting in 2023 on Facebook here And Don’t Forget To Tweet About Your Nomination I know we all have *diverse* opinions on X (Twitter). Regardless, tweeting is still a good way to brag about your Startups of The Year nomination and call for voting. See more on how nominated Startups called for voting in 2023 on X here I’m sad…my Startup wasn’t nominated… 😔 You have two options: You can either nominate yourself… (it's completely legitimate - see the criteria here)


Or, let your community surprise you with a nomination and revel in the unexpected recognition!
Wojciech Sierocki, co-founder and CEO of Data Lake was taken by surprise too when their startup, Data Lake, got nominated for Startups of The Year 2023. Still have questions about nominations? Check out this guide! About HackerNoon’s Startups of The Year Startups of The Year 2024 is HackerNoon’s flagship community-driven event celebrating startups, technology, and the spirit of innovation. Currently in its third iteration, the prestigious Internet award recognizes and celebrates tech startups of all shapes and sizes. This year, over 150,000 entities across 4200+ cities, 6 continents, and 100+ industries will participate in a bid to be crowned the best startup of the year! Millions of votes have been cast over the past few years, and many stories have been written about these daring and rising startups. The winners will get a free interview on HackerNoon and an Evergreen Tech Company News page. Visit ourFAQ page to learn more. Download our design assets here. Check out the Startups of the Year Merch Shop here. HackerNoon’s Startups of The Year is a branding opportunity unlike any other. Whether your goal is brand awareness or lead generation, HackerNoon has curated startup-friendly packages to solve your marketing challenges. Meet our sponsors: Wellfound: At Wellfound, we're not just a job board—we're the place where top startup talent and the world's most exciting companies connect to build the future. Notion: Notion is trusted and loved by thousands of startups as their connected workspace—from building product roadmaps to tracking fundraising. Try Notion with unlimited AI, FREE for up to 6 months, to build and scale your company with one powerful tool. Get your offer now! Hubspot: If you’re looking for a smart CRM platform that meets the needs of small businesses, look no further than HubSpot. Seamlessly connect your data, teams and customers in one easy-to-use scalable platform that grows with your business. Bright Data: Startups that leverage public web data can make faster, data-driven decisions, giving them a competitive edge. With Bright Data’s scalable web data collection, businesses can grow from a small operation to an enterprise by harnessing insights at every stage. Algolia: Algolia NeuralSearch is the world's only AI end-to-end Search and Discovery Platform combining powerful keyword and natural language processing in a single API. You heard it right, Startups of The Year is back for its 3rd season! Startups of The Year is a community-driven event created and powered by HackerNoon’s proprietary software, dedicated to recognizing and celebrating tech startups that are making a positive impact on technology and the world. Closing on Startups of The Year 2023 , we have achieved a total of 623K+ votes from the community (triple from the prior year) to 30,000+ startups across 4200+ cities ✨🙌 Startups of The Year is back Startups of The Year is back Startups of The Year is back Startups of The Year 2023 Startups of The Year 2023 Startups of The Year 2023 This year we set out to shine the Spotlight on Tech’s Shining Stars (yes, all 150,000 of them 🤭) Coming on to the podium, have you prepared a speech? If not, let this article be your guide to 2024’s Startups of The Year 🚀 Startups of The Year Let’s take a trip down memory lane, while also learning from how last year’s nominees flaunted the news of their nominations 🔎 FYI, with Startups of The Year 2024, we're introducing industry awards, categorizing startups by sector. You can find more info here. FYI, with Startups of The Year 2024 , we're introducing industry awards, categorizing startups by sector. You can find more info here. Startups of The Year 2024 here. here . here My Startups Got Nominated. What Should I Do? The FIRST thing that you’re going to do… well after you claim and verify your company, you PROMOTE the heck out of your Startup 💚 Here’s how 2023 Startups did it… claim claim claim verify verify PROMOTE the heck out of your Startup PROMOTE the heck out of your Startup PRO TIP: Content is your best friend! Utilize social media strengths to spread the word about your Startups of The Year nomination! Facebook, LinkedIn, X… the more the merrier. You have bragging rights, so post on EVERY social platform possible🔥 Don’t forget to tag HackerNoon, we’d love to support your company to the top 1️⃣ by featuring you on our testimonials site and social media! PRO TIP: Content is your best friend! Utilize social media strengths to spread the word about your Startups of The Year nomination ! Facebook, LinkedIn, X… the more the merrier. You have bragging rights , so post on EVERY social platform possible🔥 PRO TIP: Startups of The Year nomination You have bragging rights EVERY Don’t forget to tag HackerNoon, we’d love to support your company to the top 1️⃣ by featuring you on our testimonials site and social media! testimonials site testimonials site testimonials site social media! social media! Here’s How 2023 Startups Did It, On LinkedIn Whether it is a simple call for voting with the Startups of The Year’s key visual or having the Founder/CEO post on their page for increased reach, let your creativity run wild: repost, run a campaign, write an article on HackerNoon, and blast it everywhere ! Be vocal and be proud - your startup DESERVES all the recognition! write an article on HackerNoon, and blast it everywhere write an article on HackerNoon, and blast it everywhere DESERVES DESERVES Show the world why they should vote for you! ➡️ Write about your startup mission and vision using this interview template Show the world why they should vote for you! Show the world why they should vote for you! ➡️ Write about your startup mission and vision using this interview template interview template interview template Remember to follow up! You know that one call for voting post isn’t enough - Divide to conquer! Remind your followers that you are still running for the title. Create a sense of urgency and competition like these startups did in 2023 ⬇️ Remember to follow up ! You know that one call for voting post isn’t enough - Divide to conquer ! Remind your followers that you are still running for the title. Create a sense of urgency and competition like these startups did in 2023 ⬇️ Remember to follow up Remember to follow up one Divide to conquer Divide to conquer Create a sense of urgency and competition See more on how nominated Startups called for voting in 2023 on LinkedIn here See more on how nominated Startups called for voting in 2023 on LinkedIn here here here here What About Facebook? You bet! Aside from LinkedIn, Facebook is also a good platform to announce your Startups of The Year nomination. See more on how nominated Startups called for voting in 2023 on Facebook here See more on how nominated Startups called for voting in 2023 on Facebook here here here here And Don’t Forget To Tweet About Your Nomination I know we all have *diverse* opinions on X (Twitter). Regardless, tweeting is still a good way to brag about your Startups of The Year nomination and call for voting. *diverse* *diverse* See more on how nominated Startups called for voting in 2023 on X here See more on how nominated Startups called for voting in 2023 on X here here here here I’m sad…my Startup wasn’t nominated… 😔 You have two options: You can either nominate yourself… (it's completely legitimate - see the criteria here) Or, let your community surprise you with a nomination and revel in the unexpected recognition!
Wojciech Sierocki, co-founder and CEO of Data Lake was taken by surprise too when their startup, Data Lake, got nominated for Startups of The Year 2023. You can either nominate yourself… (it's completely legitimate - see the criteria here) You can either nominate yourself… (it's completely legitimate - see the criteria here ) here Or, let your community surprise you with a nomination and revel in the unexpected recognition! Wojciech Sierocki, co-founder and CEO of Data Lake was taken by surprise too when their startup, Data Lake, got nominated for Startups of The Year 2023. Or, let your community surprise you with a nomination and revel in the unexpected recognition! Wojciech Sierocki, co-founder and CEO of Data Lake was taken by surprise too when their startup, Data Lake, got nominated for Startups of The Year 2023. Data Lake Still have questions about nominations? Check out this guide! Still have questions about nominations? Check out this guide! Still have questions about nominations? Check out this guide ! this guide About HackerNoon’s Startups of The Year Startups of The Year 2024 is HackerNoon’s flagship community-driven event celebrating startups, technology, and the spirit of innovation. Currently in its third iteration, the prestigious Internet award recognizes and celebrates tech startups of all shapes and sizes. This year, over 150,000 entities across 4200+ cities, 6 continents, and 100+ industries will participate in a bid to be crowned the best startup of the year! Millions of votes have been cast over the past few years, and many stories have been written about these daring and rising startups. Startups of The Year 2024 many stories The winners will get a free interview on HackerNoon and an Evergreen Tech Company News page. free interview Evergreen Tech Company News Visit our FAQ page to learn more. FAQ page Download our design assets here . here Check out the Startups of the Year Merch Shop here . here HackerNoon’s Startups of The Year is a branding opportunity unlike any other. Whether your goal is brand awareness or lead generation, HackerNoon has curated startup-friendly packages to solve your marketing challenges. startup-friendly packages Meet our sponsors: Meet our sponsors: Wellfound: At Wellfound, we're not just a job board—we're the place where top startup talent and the world's most exciting companies connect to build the future. Wellfound: Notion: Notion is trusted and loved by thousands of startups as their connected workspace—from building product roadmaps to tracking fundraising. Try Notion with unlimited AI, FREE for up to 6 months , to build and scale your company with one powerful tool. Get your offer now ! Notion: Try Notion with unlimited AI, FREE for up to 6 months Get your offer now ! Hubspot: If you’re looking for a smart CRM platform that meets the needs of small businesses, look no further than HubSpot. Seamlessly connect your data, teams and customers in one easy-to-use scalable platform that grows with your business. Hubspot: Bright Data: Startups that leverage public web data can make faster, data-driven decisions, giving them a competitive edge. With Bright Data’s scalable web data collection , businesses can grow from a small operation to an enterprise by harnessing insights at every stage. Bright Data: Bright Data’s scalable web data collection Algolia: Algolia NeuralSearch is the world's only AI end-to-end Search and Discovery Platform combining powerful keyword and natural language processing in a single API. Algolia: AI end-to-end Search and Discovery Platform

The Impact of HackerNoon's Startups of The Year: Reflections from Last Year’s Nominees

Die impak van HackerNoon se Startups of The Year: Refleksies van verlede jaar se genomineerdes

L'impacte de les startups de l'any de HackerNoon: reflexions dels nominats de l'any passat

El impacto de las startups del año de HackerNoon: reflexiones de los nominados del año pasado

O impacto das startups do ano de HackerNoon: reflexións dos nomeados do ano pasado

HackerNoon の「今年のスタートアップ」の影響: 昨年のノミネート企業からの考察

HackerNoon компаниясының жыл стартаптарының әсері: өткен жылғы үміткерлердің ойлары

ຜົນກະທົບຂອງການເລີ່ມຕົ້ນຂອງປີຂອງ HackerNoon: ການສະທ້ອນຈາກຜູ້ຖືກແຕ່ງຕັ້ງໃນປີກາຍນີ້

ह्याकरनूनको स्टार्टअप अफ द इयरको प्रभाव: गत वर्षका मनोनयनहरूबाट प्रतिबिम्ब

Kgahlamelo ya Dithomelo tša HackerNoon tša Ngwaga: Ditlhathollo go tšwa go Bakgethwa ba Ngwaga wo o fetilego

Athari za Mwanzo wa Mwaka wa HackerNoon: Tafakari kutoka kwa Walioteuliwa Mwaka Jana.

ผลกระทบของ Startups of The Year จาก HackerNoon: บทสะท้อนจากผู้เข้าชิงในปีที่แล้ว

“HackerNoon” -yň ýylyň başlangyçlarynyň täsiri: Geçen ýyl dalaşgärleriň pikirleri

To write in public or not... Note: This piece is intentionally raw and unpolished, reflecting a direct flow of thoughts—a mental dialogue. I like to write... words and code... both are close to my heart... one allows me to open up my thoughts, and the other allows me to play and find joy. But why write in public?... keep it private... write whatever... why draw attention here?... will you not be judged? Well... I have given it some thought... yes! Opinions can create distractions... I don't intend to seek attention... I have written a lot in private... but I aspire to connect with thinkers and creators of our time... a clan I believe I belong to. I aspire to have conversations with thinkers... and explore possibilities of human endeavors... The world has largely become transactional... society has created these factories of workers... called companies and corporations... where I see humans being treated as resources... and have processes to put them on some kind of efficiency machine to churn out all their energies for transactional needs... Very few, I find, are truly alive. Yes! These factories help us thrive in financial security, family, kids, friends, and travel... we seek happiness in these forms... but most end up spending more than 60% of their life doing things they don't enjoy. Add on top... instead of earning and acquiring, we shift to taking loans and acquiring... repaying in installments forever making life even heavier. I also see people who retire out of these factories with earned comforts and loved ones around... yet most find it difficult to restructure life to fathom boredom... spending time alone feels lonely and burdensome. It’s a tradeoff, and many die long before mortal death arrives... and one day we are erased... maybe remembered by the world for some time... but our identity fades into this vast cosmos. Is this all there is to life... a set pattern of to-dos? Our education system... seems like another kind of factory... they invite and lure us with promises of a great life ahead... conditioning us for 3-5 years to be part of these work factories. It seems like both factories are conspiring to make us believe that we are no more than human resources. I do find small startups... the small factories... small teams with no hierarchy... where we are not treated as resources. It looks like a great place to be if we are driven... if we are problem-solvers... deep divers... don’t always wait for orders to act... believe in collaboration. Here, we all take responsibility for our work... we feel valued... and many of us truly enjoy the process... trying to build something together... amidst a lot of uncertainty. I see many alive here. Now there is a new entrant—AI, which is evolving at a pace that has started shaking things apart for these old factories that train and treat humans as resources. I see it as a great enabler of discovery and exploration... capable of solving complex problems with human collaboration... but it will also reduce the current factories, and existing human resources will need to adapt quickly and explore a new set of possibilities. I now see micro-factories emerging... just 2-3 people building things with AI... this looks even better, giving rise to solo or micro-entrepreneurship... a small group of creators and innovators building and collaborating with AI agents, ushering in a new era of innovations and discoveries. As I explore life, I keep discovering many such factories (big and small) that society has created for personal and transactional needs... and I am cautious about where I choose to tune in. This is just the beginning of my exploration—I'd love to exchange ideas with others on this journey. To write in public or not... To write in public or not... Note: This piece is intentionally raw and unpolished, reflecting a direct flow of thoughts—a mental dialogue. Note: This piece is intentionally raw and unpolished, reflecting a direct flow of thoughts—a mental dialogue. Note: This piece is intentionally raw and unpolished, reflecting a direct flow of thoughts—a mental dialogue. I like to write... words and code... both are close to my heart... one allows me to open up my thoughts, and the other allows me to play and find joy. But why write in public?... keep it private... write whatever... why draw attention here?... will you not be judged? Well... I have given it some thought... yes! Opinions can create distractions... I don't intend to seek attention... I have written a lot in private... but I aspire to connect with thinkers and creators of our time... a clan I believe I belong to. I aspire to have conversations with thinkers... and explore possibilities of human endeavors... The world has largely become transactional... society has created these factories of workers... called companies and corporations... where I see humans being treated as resources... and have processes to put them on some kind of efficiency machine to churn out all their energies for transactional needs... Very few, I find, are truly alive. Yes! These factories help us thrive in financial security, family, kids, friends, and travel... we seek happiness in these forms... but most end up spending more than 60% of their life doing things they don't enjoy. Add on top... instead of earning and acquiring, we shift to taking loans and acquiring... repaying in installments forever making life even heavier. I also see people who retire out of these factories with earned comforts and loved ones around... yet most find it difficult to restructure life to fathom boredom... spending time alone feels lonely and burdensome. It’s a tradeoff, and many die long before mortal death arrives... and one day we are erased... maybe remembered by the world for some time... but our identity fades into this vast cosmos. Is this all there is to life... a set pattern of to-dos? Our education system... seems like another kind of factory... they invite and lure us with promises of a great life ahead... conditioning us for 3-5 years to be part of these work factories. It seems like both factories are conspiring to make us believe that we are no more than human resources. I do find small startups... the small factories... small teams with no hierarchy... where we are not treated as resources. It looks like a great place to be if we are driven... if we are problem-solvers... deep divers... don’t always wait for orders to act... believe in collaboration. Here, we all take responsibility for our work... we feel valued... and many of us truly enjoy the process... trying to build something together... amidst a lot of uncertainty. I see many alive here. Now there is a new entrant—AI, which is evolving at a pace that has started shaking things apart for these old factories that train and treat humans as resources. I see it as a great enabler of discovery and exploration... capable of solving complex problems with human collaboration... but it will also reduce the current factories, and existing human resources will need to adapt quickly and explore a new set of possibilities. I now see micro-factories emerging... just 2-3 people building things with AI... this looks even better, giving rise to solo or micro-entrepreneurship... a small group of creators and innovators building and collaborating with AI agents, ushering in a new era of innovations and discoveries. As I explore life, I keep discovering many such factories (big and small) that society has created for personal and transactional needs... and I am cautious about where I choose to tune in. This is just the beginning of my exploration—I'd love to exchange ideas with others on this journey.

Discovering Human Factories: A Personal Reflection on Modern Work, AI, and Creativity

Authors:
(1) Aviad Rom, The Data Science Institute, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel;
(2) Kfir Bar, The Data Science Institute, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel. Table of Links Abstract and Introduction Related Work Methodology Experimental Settings Results Conclusion and Limitations Bibliographical References 6. Conclusion Arabic and Hebrew, both Semitic languages, display inherent structural resemblances and possess shared cognates. In an endeavor to allow a bilingual language model to recognize these cognates, we introduced a novel language model tailored for Arabic and Hebrew, wherein the Arabic text is transliterated into the Hebrew script prior to both pre-training and fine-tuning. We contrast our model by training another language model on the identical dataset but without the transliteration preprocessing step, in order to assess the impact of transliteration. We fine-tuned our model for the machine translation task, yielding promising outcomes. These results suggest that the transliteration step offers tangible benefits to the translation process. Comparing to the translation combination involving other language models, we see comparable results; this is encouraging given that the training data we utilized for pre-training the model is approximately 60% smaller than theirs. As a future avenue of research, we intend to train the model on an expanded dataset and explore scaling its architecture. In this study, our emphasis was on a transformer encoder. We are keen to investigate the effects of implementing transliteration within a decoder architecture, once such a model becomes available for Hebrew. Limitations The transliteration algorithm from Arabic to Hebrew is based a simple deterministic lookup table. However, sometimes the transliteration is not that straight forward, and this simple algorithm generates some odd rendering, which we would like to fix. For example, our algorithm does not place a final-form letter at the end of the Arabic word in Hebrew. Another challenge with transliteration into Hebrew is that for some words a Hebrew writer may choose to omit long vowel characters and the readers will still be able to understand the word. This phenomenon is referred to as “Ktiv Hasser” in Hebrew. Yet, there exists a preference for certain word representations over others. This inconsistency makes it more challenging for aligning the transliterated Arabic words to their cognates in the way they are written. Our transliteration algorithm always renders the Arabic word following the Arabic letters, which may be different than how this word is typically written in Hebrew. Another limitation is the relatively small size of the dataset which we used for pre-training the language model, comparing to other existing language models of the same architecture size. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. Authors: (1) Aviad Rom, The Data Science Institute, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel; (2) Kfir Bar, The Data Science Institute, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel. Authors: Authors: (1) Aviad Rom, The Data Science Institute, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel; (2) Kfir Bar, The Data Science Institute, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel. Table of Links Abstract and Introduction Abstract and Introduction Related Work Related Work Methodology Methodology Experimental Settings Experimental Settings Results Results Conclusion and Limitations Conclusion and Limitations Bibliographical References Bibliographical References 6. Conclusion Arabic and Hebrew, both Semitic languages, display inherent structural resemblances and possess shared cognates. In an endeavor to allow a bilingual language model to recognize these cognates, we introduced a novel language model tailored for Arabic and Hebrew, wherein the Arabic text is transliterated into the Hebrew script prior to both pre-training and fine-tuning. We contrast our model by training another language model on the identical dataset but without the transliteration preprocessing step, in order to assess the impact of transliteration. We fine-tuned our model for the machine translation task, yielding promising outcomes. These results suggest that the transliteration step offers tangible benefits to the translation process. Comparing to the translation combination involving other language models, we see comparable results; this is encouraging given that the training data we utilized for pre-training the model is approximately 60% smaller than theirs. As a future avenue of research, we intend to train the model on an expanded dataset and explore scaling its architecture. In this study, our emphasis was on a transformer encoder. We are keen to investigate the effects of implementing transliteration within a decoder architecture, once such a model becomes available for Hebrew. Limitations The transliteration algorithm from Arabic to Hebrew is based a simple deterministic lookup table. However, sometimes the transliteration is not that straight forward, and this simple algorithm generates some odd rendering, which we would like to fix. For example, our algorithm does not place a final-form letter at the end of the Arabic word in Hebrew. Another challenge with transliteration into Hebrew is that for some words a Hebrew writer may choose to omit long vowel characters and the readers will still be able to understand the word. This phenomenon is referred to as “Ktiv Hasser” in Hebrew. Yet, there exists a preference for certain word representations over others. This inconsistency makes it more challenging for aligning the transliterated Arabic words to their cognates in the way they are written. Our transliteration algorithm always renders the Arabic word following the Arabic letters, which may be different than how this word is typically written in Hebrew. Another limitation is the relatively small size of the dataset which we used for pre-training the language model, comparing to other existing language models of the same architecture size. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. available on arxiv

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